Parents & carers

Talking about body words, privacy and puberty

Puberty can bring lots of questions about bodies, privacy and growing up. Some children ask questions openly. Others feel shy, embarrassed or unsure.

Quick answer

Using correct body words helps children understand their bodies, ask questions and explain when something feels wrong. You can use simple, factual language and reassure your child that bodies are private, questions are allowed and there is nothing shameful about learning the right words.

Your body is yours. It is okay to know the right words, ask questions and have privacy.

What your child may be wondering

  • What does puberty mean?
  • Why is my body changing?
  • What is a vulva?
  • What is a vagina?
  • Where does wee come out?
  • Where does period blood come out?
  • Is it okay to feel embarrassed?

How you can support them

Use correct words calmly

Words like vulva, vagina, uterus, womb and urethra can feel unfamiliar at first. Saying them calmly helps your child understand that these are normal body words.

Keep explanations age-appropriate

Start with the question they asked, answer simply, and let them know they can ask more later.

Respect privacy

Knock before entering rooms or bathrooms, avoid jokes about body changes and do not share private information with others.

Reassure them that bodies change at different times

Puberty does not happen at the same time or in the same order for everyone.

What you could say

If your child asks what puberty is: Puberty is the time when your body starts changing as you grow. These changes can happen slowly, and they do not happen at the same time for everyone.
If your child feels embarrassed about body words: I know these words can feel awkward at first, but they are just body words. It is okay to know them.
If your child asks where period blood comes from: Period blood comes from inside the uterus and leaves the body through the vagina.
If your child asks where wee comes from: Wee leaves the body through a small opening called the urethra. That is different from the vagina.

When to ask for help

Speak to a GP, school nurse or healthcare professional if your child has:

  • very distressed feelings about body changes
  • puberty starting very early
  • worries that puberty has not started
  • pain, soreness, itching or unusual symptoms
  • worries about body or safety
  • concerns about touch, pressure or feeling unsafe
Urgent help: Seek urgent medical help if symptoms are severe, sudden or worrying, or if you are concerned about your child’s immediate safety.

Final reassurance

Calm, simple language helps children understand themselves, protect their privacy and ask for help when they need it.

Remember: This section offers education and support for parents and carers. It does not diagnose or replace advice from a GP, school nurse or healthcare professional. If your child has severe pain, very heavy bleeding, faints or seems very unwell, or you are worried about their immediate safety, seek medical help straight away.