A simple visual showing how the uterus can tighten during a period and cause cramps.
Quick answer
Period cramps can happen when the uterus tightens during your period. The uterus is the organ inside the body where period blood comes from.
Mild cramps can be common. Very bad pain that stops you doing normal things should not be ignored.
What is happening inside my body?
During a period, the uterus helps push out the lining it no longer needs. To do this, it can squeeze or tighten. That squeezing can feel like cramps in your lower tummy.
Some people also feel pain in their back, hips or thighs. Some people feel only a little discomfort. Others feel much stronger pain.
What can cramps feel like?
- a dull ache in your lower tummy
- squeezing or twisting cramps
- pain that comes and goes
- pain that spreads to your back or thighs
- feeling tired, sick or shaky with the pain
Is it normal?
Some period pain can be common, especially just before or at the start of a period. But “common” does not mean you have to suffer or pretend you are fine.
When should I ask for help?
Tell a trusted adult or healthcare professional if pain is severe, getting worse, not helped by simple pain relief, or stopping school, sleep, sport or normal activities.
Ask Luma
You could ask: “Why do period cramps happen?” or “How do I tell someone my cramps are really bad?”
Final reassurance
Period cramps are not your fault. Your pain deserves to be taken seriously, especially if it is strong or stopping you doing normal things.